Background: Dental health care providers are at risk of infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Dentists can occupationally become infected with HBV through needle sticks or exposure to blood and other body fluids. Objectives: To evaluate anti-HBs antibody titer in students, professors, clinical assistants and non-clinical staff of Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), and to investigate the probable correlation between the level of immunity and a number of associated factors. Patients and Methods: 230 participants who had a history of previous HBV vaccination (receiving at least two doses of HBV vaccine) and a negative history of being infected with HBV were studied. Participants’ data were recorded using a checklist, and the level of antibody was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results: While there existed statistically significant correlations between age, occupation, smoking, complete and scheduled vaccination and time of the last vaccination with the level of anti-HBs antibody, the correlation between gender and level of the antibody was not significant. Multiple regression analysis revealed significant association between immune response and age and time of the last vaccination.Conclusions: Due to the significant correlation between younger age and anti-HBs antibody titer in our study, it makes sense to establish a mandatory complete and scheduled vaccination program for all members of dental society younger than 40 years.

This tumor is uncommon but found in ox, sheep and dog and less commonly in the cat, pig and horse. In Great Britain Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) comprises 20 percent of all tumors found in slaughtered sheep. Affected animals are usually adult, though hepatoma has been found even in newborn lambs, this tumor appeared to be congenital origin but mostly described in older lambs (Molton 1978, Cotchin 1984). The incidence for this tumor is usually between 4 and 8 years in cows and over one year (often 4-5 years) in sheep (Molton 1978). In a 12 month surveys of neoplasm found in 100 abattoirs throughout Great Britain in sheep 32 of 107 tumors originated in the liver, 8 of these tumors were found in younger than one and 24 in older than one year sheep (Anderson & Sandison 1968).

Introduction: Fanconi Syndrome is a diseases of the proximal renal tubules of the kidney in which glucose, amino acids, uric acid, phosphate and bicarbonate pass into the urine instead of being absorbed. To present two known cases of fanconi syndrome complicated with Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Case Report: The first case is a 17 years old girl, a known case of Fanconi syndrome and ascites. She had a large mass lesion measuring 48x45x44 mm with cystic component in the right liver lobe. An 18 year-old girl was the second case suffering from fanconi syndrome since 15 years ago. An ultrasonography study of her liver showed coarse echo with a mass measuring 68x38x68 mm in the right liver lobe. Liver needle biopsy of these patients was compatible with HCC.Conclusion: Reviews of literature and follow up of our patients with fanconi syndrome didn’t disclose any cases with HCC. It is uncertain whether the patients with fanconi syndrome are at risk of HCC or not. So it seems more investigation is needed to know the relationship between these disorders.

At necropsy of a five-year-old sheep, a pear shaped, lobular yellow-brownish mass measuring about 12x15x20 cm was found to involve the right hepatic lobe. Microscopic examination revealed two trabecular and solid patterns of neoplastic hepatocytes. In solid pattern, there were numerous tumoral giant cells that contain one or more large hyperchromatic bizarre-shaped nuclei scattered among clusters of neoplastic hepatocytes. In addition, mitotic figures, dilated sinusoids and large vascular spaces filled with red blood cells were observed in some sections. Based on gross and histopathologic characteristics, the mass was diagnosed as Hepatocellular carcinoma.